Friday, January 31, 2020
The Great Leap Forward Essay Example for Free
The Great Leap Forward Essay The Hundred flowers campaign was followed by a new militant approach to Chinese economics. Shaoqi believed that the PLA and the military complex should be strengthened for several reasons; firstly the rejection of Mao foreign policy (Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence) in order to prepare for the invasion of Tibet and other island provinces free from mainland influence since the days of the KMT republic. Secondly the war in Korea had created a siege-mentality in China (similar to USSR in the 1930s), China would be ready for invasion. Xiaoping believed that the people could be motivated and ideologically aroused. Mao supported this initial plan believing that this Second Five Year Plan could work better than the first. However he was wary of Shaoqis motives and did not wish to see the people merely exploited and made to work towards unrealistic targets. He initiated the xiafang movement, which took the Leap down to the countryside level. The xiafang movement would have several stages. Primarily it would concentrate on heavy industry and mobilisation of the urban regions. Beijing would begin this with a march to work programme. Next, the increasing of the indoctrinisatation of technology experts and the scientific community. Finally the xiafang movement would move to the rural areas with party cadres and members moving to the people and helping them in agricultural policies. It is at this point that the debate arises critics have suggested that Mao supported the scheme because he was unhappy with the USSRs de-Stalinisation of itself. He was undoubtedly concerned about his countrys over-reliance on Soviet help. The split over the direction occurred in late 1958, by then nearly 750,000 new collectivised farms had been created and agricultural output was at Chinas highest ever, Mao wanted to create forums to discuss problems with the Leap, he also wanted greater self-sufficiency amongst the communes. Shaoqi resisted this idea believing that centralisation was the only means of ensuring success. He introduced the radical mass dormitories with over 5000 people to each one. This new housing was resisted bitterly and Mao argued that it was essential the CCP listened to the people. Zhou Enlai also voiced concerns over plans to release worker from these collectives for overly grand projects such as hydro-plants and irrigation works. Mao quickly seized upon growing disenchantment and distanced himself from the ruling committee. 1959 was a disastrous year for the Chinese economy, in February of that year; Shaoqi admitted that the CCP had exaggerated figures for success. Famine ravaged Maos home province of Hunan and Zhus Jiangxi. Food shortages affected Beijing; raw materials were in short supply for the industrial complex. Xiaoping worsened the situation by creating the Department of Economic Growth ((based upon the Soviet Gosplan model) which centralised directives and set even higher targets. The direct result was the over-production of poor quality goods, a virtual collapse of heavy industry through mismanagement, a malaise and a demoralisation and exhaustion of the peasant population. The intellectual wing of the CCP demanded the plan was scrapped, which led to a vicious purging of the intelligentsia. Mao who personally bore the brunt of blame for the Leap fiasco stepped down from office in April. The following year saw a massive shift in the balance of power; the Second National Congress gave Lui Shaoqi complete control of the CCP and all Maos positions. Defence minister Peng Dehuai openly attacked Maoist policies and firmly placed the blame on Mao. However, Lin Baio a noted Maoist successfully ousted Dehuai out of office and accepted the post of Defence minister. He offers Zhu De the post of C-in-C of the army, who declines. Lin Baio resigns in 1961 after Chinas successful total annexation of Tibet. He is alarmed at the threat to invade Taiwan and the attacks on Jinmen and Mazu. By 1961, the swing to the right was almost complete with Shaoqi in the ascendancy and his fraction most of the positions of power. However with the battle for supremacy gaining momentum by 1962 with Maos spectacular return to power, the political landscape of China would never be the same and the CCP by 1970 would be decimated from top to bottom.
Thursday, January 23, 2020
My favorate stock :: essays research papers
Stock name: ADVANCED NEUROMODULATION SYSTEMS INC. Stock symbol: AISI.O SECTOR: Healthcare INDUSTRY: Medical Equipment & Supplies Overview Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Inc. (ANSI), designs, develops, manufactures and markets advanced implantable neuromodulation devices that improve the quality of life for people suffering from chronic pain. Neuromodulation devices include implantable neurostimulation devices, which deliver electric current directly to targeted nerves, and implantable drug pumps, which deliver small, precisely controlled doses of drugs directly to targeted sites within the body. GROWTH RATES      1 Year     3 Years     5 Years Sales %     32.57     47.12     27.54 EPS %     33.80     103.45     15.06 Dividend %     NM     NM     NM REVENUE Quarters     2001     2002     2003     2004 MAR     8,341     11,473     19,671     26,633 JUN     9,205     13,423     22,324     30,488 SEP     9,900     14,328     23,419     31,330 DEC     10,470     18,148     25,668     32,293 Totals     37,916     57,372     91,082     120,744 Note: Units in Thousands of U.S. Dollars EARNINGS PER SHARE Quarters     2001     2002     2003     2004 MAR     0.000     0.053     0.133     0.190 JUN     0.027     0.090     0.140     0.210 SEP     0.033     0.100     0.190     0.230 DEC     0.047     0.127     0.180     0.240 Totals     0.107     0.370     0.643     0.870 Note: Units in U.S. Dollars Quick Financial Synopsis Advanced Neuromodulation Systems designs, develops, manufactures and markets implantable neuromodulation for chronic back pain or nervous system disorders. For the FY ended 12/31/04, revenues rose 33% to $120.7M. Net income rose 37% to $18.2M. Revenues reflect increased unit sales from Neuro Products and O.E.M. business segments. Net income also reflects increased operating margin as well as increased investment income. Actual revenue and EPS for the latest fiscal year Actual revenue: $US 120.7 millions Recent share price and date $US 27.23 March 29, 2005 Month of the company ¡Ã‚ ¯s fiscal year end December Indicate annual dividend per share 0.00 Valuation Valuation Ratios RATIO COMPARISON Valuation Ratios     Company     Industry     Sector     S&P 500 P/E Ratio (TTM)     32.54     33.55     28.97     21.43 P/E High - Last 5 Yrs.     NM     60.54     50.30     42.31 P/E Low - Last 5 Yrs.     20.88     22.65     19.88     15.75 Price to Sales (TTM)     4.89     4.94     5.21     2.87 Price to Book (MRQ)     2.55     5.53     4.99     3.92 Price to Tangible Book (MRQ)     3.04     13.94     11.83     7.15 Price to Cash Flow (TTM)     23.55     24.93     21.91     14.76 Price to Free Cash Flow (TTM)     367.76     32.72     30.18     25.30 % Owned Institutions     95.00     28.56     47.26     65.58                     Dividends Dividends     Company     Industry     Sector     S&P 500 Dividend Yield     NA     0.79     2.17     2.12 Dividend Yield - 5 Year Avg.     0.00     0.45     1.04     1.58 Dividend 5 Year Growth Rate     NM     10.54     11.37     9.06 Payout Ratio (TTM)     0.00     15.02     29.38     29.26                     Growth Rates Growth Rates (%)     Company     Industry     Sector     S&P 500 Sales (MRQ) vs. Qtr. 1 Yr. Ago     25.81     19.33     15.07     17.60 Sales (TTM) vs TTM 1 Yr. Ago     32.57     22.67     16.33     15.81 Sales - 5 Yr. Growth Rate     27.54     15.88     16.01     9.76 EPS (MRQ) vs Qtr. 1 Yr. Ago     36.72     13.87     0.47     16.59 EPS (TTM) vs TTM 1 Yr. Ago     34.01     24.50     9.68     24.79 EPS - 5 Yr. Growth Rate     15.06     27.20     16.01     13.64 Capital Spending - 5 Yr. Growth Rate     24.42     13.33     11.59     3.15                     Financial Strength Financial Strength     Company     Industry     Sector     S&P 500 Quick Ratio (MRQ)     15.84     1.99     1.94     1.20 Current Ratio (MRQ)     18.78     2.79     2.54     1.69 LT Debt to Equity (MRQ)     0.00     0.38     0.37     0.63 Total Debt to Equity (MRQ)     0.00     0.44     0.44     0.79 Interest Coverage (TTM)     NM     17.38     10.81     11.87                     Profitability Ratios Profitability Ratios (%)     Company     Industry     Sector     S&P 500 Gross Margin (TTM)     73.42     63.67     68.92     46.09 Gross Margin - 5 Yr. Avg.     64.02     62.12     68.29     45.61 EBITD Margin (TTM)     23.87     23.66     24.68     21.60 EBITD - 5 Yr.
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
The Ideal Person
Nietzsche’s Ubermensch concept of the â€Å"ideal person†was able to achieve self-actualization, and has developed himself holistically. What Nietzsche meant by achieving self-actualization was to achieve one’s full potential through creativity, independence, spontaneity, and a grasp on the real world. I see an ideal person as someone who surrounds themselves with happiness and love even with no money or fame. Most people consider the ideal person beautiful and rich. But as many people may say, money doesn’t always bring happiness or love, it could lead to loneliness and emptiness, even with all of the material things.An ideal person, as lived their life without regrets. I do agree with an ideal person is someone who can achieve their full potential through everything they do. They put all their hard work and effort into what they need to accomplish and with the best of their ability. I believe this is the most important similarity with our ideal person a s well as Nietzsche’s. A difference between our theories would be that we may see an ideal person as someone who is less fortunate but doing the best of their potential to provide for themselves and their family.And we would see that as with the resources they have and can afford then they are achieving a self-actualization. Nietzsche may be that as not a real ideal person, because someone might not look up to that certain person because they are not so called living the glam life, and having everything around them. He may think that he is not achieving his full self-actualization because of that, when really is he by being happy in life and grasping everything around him that he can and not taking it for granted. Nietzsche believes that the ideal person is high, rare, and far between and mainly mentions them as a â€Å"he†.In my belief the ideal person can be of any gender, by achieving greatness, and many people are ideal and not as rare as he mentions. With the main differences in mind I think that his Ubermensch is not plausible. He see’s the ideal person as a higher power and rare and far between, like the so called superman that is seen in comic books, that was created after his theory. His person is like a fantasy that people wish they were instead of being normal people around us that achieve their potentials and that are plausible.
Monday, January 6, 2020
The Religious Wars Of Religion - 1465 Words
Professori Mark Bocija Hist 1111 Rezvan Ngalla December 14, 2015 The Religious Wars Before and after the 16th century, religion was not a word or a characteristic that was used to describe any one individual. Rather, religion was like a way of life-incorporated into the individuals and also into family values, beliefs and morals. The church played an important role in the community by offering educational opportunities especially through the monarchies, the stability of religious presence etc. The wars of religion were basically a chain of events and happenings that caused religious wars to be waged in Europe. These wars started with the Protestant reformation- Martin Luther s attempt to change the ways of the Catholic church.†¦show more content†¦Let s take a look at where the wars of religion actually got it s activation energy from-The Reformation. In the beginning of the 16th century, the Catholic Church was in a period where immorality, incompetency and corruption were the order of the day. Martin Luther, a renaissance scholar and Augustinian monk pio neered a revolt on the issue of the sale of indulgencies. Luther did not agree with the fact that salvation could be won by the sale of indulgencies alone. The introduction of Luther s belief was a large introduction to the Catholic church and caused a religious upheaval. The church enforced the idea that indulgence was the gateway to salvation. On the other hand, Luther offered a perspective that was more personal and it appealed to a mass amount of people who were frustrated with the catholic doctrine and these people actually followed his philosophy, creating the path to individual thought with regards to religion. Luther s theses gave Christians the courage to confront the corruption of the church. The dispute of religious values led to violent conflicts between the Catholics and protestant believers. As afore mentioned in Luther s writings and 95 points against the catholic church, he objected to the abuses he perceived within the church. It is also important to note that Luthe r s theses was not welcomed by the
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